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school_compare/backend/tests/test_destinations_api.py
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fix(destinations): the masking pass can no longer exit unsafely
Review found _mask_for_disclosure could return with its invariant broken
and say nothing. add_companion only ever withheld a *published* cell, so a
group with one suppressed category and every other one not_applicable —
routine in special schools and AP, where few categories apply — left the
loop with the lone suppressed cell still solvable. Reproduced on a
nine-pupil cohort: one hidden cell, cohort served, residual intact.

A disclosure-control pass that fails silently is worse than none, because
everything downstream trusts it. The loop now runs until the invariant
holds and escalates when no companion exists: the pupil group is dropped
from the payload, and an empty block serialises as None so the section is
absent rather than an empty shell. disclosure_invariant_holds() is exported
so tests assert it directly instead of re-deriving it, and an exhaustive
test sweeps all 81 suppression patterns of a four-category group.

Also fixes a test that set up six measures and checked one: the loop was
`for measure in ["school_sixth_form"]`. It now checks every measure, and
against the real invariant — none hidden, or at least two, rather than
"at least two", which the five published measures would have failed.

No regression on real data: 262 mainstream secondaries, all-pupils bar
still drawable on 94%, zero invariant violations, one disadvantaged group
dropped by the new escalation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01BvdDKvFFSZuMVDH5fEyTob
2026-08-30 21:35:03 +01:00

270 lines
12 KiB
Python

"""The destinations serialiser's contract.
Not rendering a figure is not the same as not publishing it. This endpoint is
public and unauthenticated, so whatever the payload carries is published,
whatever the UI draws. The categories sum to the cohort and the pupil groups
sum to each other, so a lone suppressed cell is solvable by subtraction — the
serialiser adds secondary suppression to prevent it.
See docs/superpowers/specs/2026-08-28-destination-measures-design.md.
"""
from backend.data_loader import (
_destinations_block, _format_cohort_year, disclosure_invariant_holds,
)
def _row(group, measure, pupils, status, cohort=180, percentage=None, year=202223):
return {
"pupil_group": group,
"destination_measure": measure,
"pupils": pupils,
"percentage": percentage,
"status": status,
"cohort_pupils": cohort,
"year": year,
}
def test_suppressed_category_serialises_as_suppressed_with_null_pupils():
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published", percentage=41.7),
_row("all", "sixth_form_college", None, "suppressed"),
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
cats = {c["category"]: c for c in block["groups"]["all"]["categories"]}
assert cats["sixth_form_college"]["status"] == "suppressed"
assert cats["sixth_form_college"]["pupils"] is None
assert cats["sixth_form_college"]["percentage"] is None
def test_published_category_keeps_its_figures():
block = _destinations_block([
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published", percentage=41.7),
])
cat = block["groups"]["all"]["categories"][0]
assert cat["pupils"] == 75
assert cat["percentage"] == 41.7
assert cat["status"] == "published"
def test_only_the_latest_year_is_served():
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 60, "published", year=202122),
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published", year=202223),
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
assert block["cohort_year"] == "2022/23"
assert len(block["groups"]["all"]["categories"]) == 1
assert block["groups"]["all"]["categories"][0]["pupils"] == 75
def test_all_three_pupil_groups_are_carried():
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published"),
_row("disadvantaged", "school_sixth_form", 17, "published", cohort=62),
_row("other", "school_sixth_form", 58, "published", cohort=118),
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
assert set(block["groups"]) == {"all", "disadvantaged", "other"}
assert block["groups"]["disadvantaged"]["cohort"] == 62
def test_cohort_year_is_reported_so_the_page_can_date_itself():
block = _destinations_block([_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published")])
assert block["cohort_year"] == "2022/23"
def test_format_cohort_year_handles_the_six_digit_form():
assert _format_cohort_year(202223) == "2022/23"
assert _format_cohort_year(None) is None
def test_empty_rows_yield_none_not_an_empty_shell():
assert _destinations_block([]) is None
# ── Disclosure control ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#
# The rendering guards in lib/destinations.ts stop a withheld figure being
# DRAWN. They do nothing about it being COMPUTED: this endpoint is public and
# unauthenticated, so whatever the payload carries is published. These tests
# are the ones that matter.
def _solve_residual(group):
"""What any caller can work out: cohort minus everything published."""
published = [c["pupils"] for c in group["categories"] if c["pupils"] is not None]
hidden = [c for c in group["categories"] if c["status"] == "suppressed"]
return group["cohort"] - sum(published), len(hidden)
def test_a_lone_suppressed_category_cannot_be_solved_for():
"""Whitley Bay High School's real 2022/23 disadvantaged group: further
education withheld, everything else published, cohort 41. Before secondary
suppression the payload gave the answer away as 41 - 23 = 18."""
rows = [
_row("disadvantaged", "school_sixth_form", 15, "published", cohort=41),
_row("disadvantaged", "sixth_form_college", 0, "published", cohort=41),
_row("disadvantaged", "further_education", None, "suppressed", cohort=41),
_row("disadvantaged", "apprenticeship", 1, "published", cohort=41),
_row("disadvantaged", "employment", 2, "published", cohort=41),
_row("disadvantaged", "not_sustained", 3, "published", cohort=41),
_row("disadvantaged", "not_captured", 2, "published", cohort=41),
]
group = _destinations_block(rows)["groups"]["disadvantaged"]
residual, hidden = _solve_residual(group)
assert hidden >= 2, "a lone suppressed cell must gain a companion"
assert residual != 18, "the withheld figure is recoverable from the payload"
def test_every_group_hides_none_or_at_least_two_categories():
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published"),
_row("all", "sixth_form_college", None, "suppressed"),
_row("all", "further_education", 61, "published"),
_row("all", "apprenticeship", 8, "published"),
_row("all", "employment", 6, "published"),
_row("all", "not_sustained", 5, "published"),
_row("all", "not_captured", 4, "published"),
]
group = _destinations_block(rows)["groups"]["all"]
hidden = [c for c in group["categories"] if c["status"] == "suppressed"]
assert len(hidden) >= 2
def test_a_category_hidden_in_one_group_is_hidden_in_a_second():
"""disadvantaged + other = all for every category, so a category withheld
in exactly one of the three is recoverable from the other two."""
rows = []
for measure, a, d, o in [
("school_sixth_form", 75, None, 58),
("further_education", 61, 27, 34),
("apprenticeship", 8, 4, 4),
("employment", 6, 1, 5),
("not_sustained", 5, 3, 2),
("not_captured", 4, 2, 2),
]:
rows.append(_row("all", measure, a, "published", cohort=159))
rows.append(_row("disadvantaged", measure, d,
"published" if d is not None else "suppressed", cohort=37))
rows.append(_row("other", measure, o, "published", cohort=122))
groups = _destinations_block(rows)["groups"]
measures = {c["category"] for g in groups.values() for c in g["categories"]}
assert len(measures) == 6, "the fixture's six measures must all be checked"
for measure in sorted(measures):
hidden = sum(
1 for g in groups.values() for c in g["categories"]
if c["category"] == measure and c["status"] == "suppressed"
)
# The invariant is "none, or at least two" — not "at least two".
assert hidden != 1, f"{measure} is solvable across the pupil groups"
def test_a_suppressed_cell_never_keeps_its_percentage():
"""percentage / pupils would hand back the cohort, and with it the residual."""
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published", percentage=41.7),
_row("all", "sixth_form_college", None, "suppressed", percentage=11.7),
_row("all", "further_education", 61, "published", percentage=33.9),
]
group = _destinations_block(rows)["groups"]["all"]
for cell in group["categories"]:
if cell["status"] != "published":
assert cell["pupils"] is None
assert cell["percentage"] is None
def test_aggregates_are_not_served():
"""An aggregate spanning exactly one suppressed component names it, and
nothing renders them today."""
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", 75, "published"),
_row("all", "agg_sustained_all", 171, "published"),
]
group = _destinations_block(rows)["groups"]["all"]
assert [c["category"] for c in group["categories"]] == ["school_sixth_form"]
assert "aggregates" not in group
def test_a_fully_published_group_is_left_alone():
"""Secondary suppression must not cost anything where nothing is withheld —
this is the all-pupils view on every mainstream secondary."""
rows = [
_row("all", m, p, "published")
for m, p in [("school_sixth_form", 75), ("sixth_form_college", 21),
("further_education", 61), ("apprenticeship", 8),
("employment", 6), ("not_sustained", 5), ("not_captured", 4)]
]
group = _destinations_block(rows)["groups"]["all"]
assert all(c["status"] == "published" for c in group["categories"])
assert len(group["categories"]) == 7
def test_the_invariant_is_asserted_directly_not_re_derived():
"""A group with one suppressed category and nothing else to withhold."""
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", None, "suppressed", cohort=9),
_row("all", "sixth_form_college", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
_row("all", "further_education", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
assert block is None or disclosure_invariant_holds(block["groups"])
def test_a_sparse_cohort_with_no_companion_drops_the_group():
"""Special schools and AP routinely have one suppressed category and every
other one not applicable. There is nothing left to withhold, so the group
goes — an earlier version returned here with the violation intact."""
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", None, "suppressed", cohort=9),
_row("all", "sixth_form_college", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
_row("all", "further_education", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
_row("all", "apprenticeship", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
_row("all", "employment", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
_row("all", "not_sustained", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
_row("all", "not_captured", None, "not_applicable", cohort=9),
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
assert block is None or "all" not in block["groups"], (
"a group that cannot be made safe must not be served"
)
def test_zeros_are_not_treated_as_a_usable_companion():
"""Suppressing a zero protects nothing — the residual is unchanged. With
only zeros available the group must be dropped, not falsely 'fixed'."""
rows = [
_row("all", "school_sixth_form", None, "suppressed", cohort=5),
_row("all", "sixth_form_college", 0, "published", cohort=5),
_row("all", "further_education", 0, "published", cohort=5),
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
if block and "all" in block["groups"]:
group = block["groups"]["all"]
published = sum(c["pupils"] for c in group["categories"]
if c["pupils"] is not None)
hidden = [c for c in group["categories"] if c["status"] == "suppressed"]
assert len(hidden) != 1, "a zero companion leaves the figure solvable"
assert group["cohort"] - published != 5
def test_masking_always_terminates_in_a_safe_state():
"""Exhaustive over every suppression pattern of a four-category group."""
from itertools import product
MEASURES = ["school_sixth_form", "sixth_form_college",
"further_education", "apprenticeship"]
for statuses in product(["published", "suppressed", "not_applicable"],
repeat=len(MEASURES)):
rows = [
_row("all", m, 3 if st == "published" else None, st, cohort=12)
for m, st in zip(MEASURES, statuses)
]
block = _destinations_block(rows)
if block is None:
continue
assert disclosure_invariant_holds(block["groups"]), (
f"invariant broken for {statuses}"
)