feat(api): Ofsted report-card labels and provider-page URL

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0146VHeLAWjDVE2B5uU67jCB

backend/ofsted_codes.py

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+"""Ofsted renewed-framework (Nov 2025) report-card code translation.
+
+Scale labels are the live-sampled vocabulary from the Ofsted MI file
+(see pipeline/scripts/diagnose_compare_gaps.py, TASK 7 VALUE SAMPLE) —
+verified against real data, not the consultation draft.
+"""
+
+REPORT_CARD_GRADE_NAMES = {
+    1: "Exceptional",
+    2: "Strong standard",
+    3: "Expected standard",
+    4: "Needs attention",
+    5: "Urgent improvement",
+}
+
+# Graded evaluation areas only — safeguarding is a separate boolean
+# judgement and must never appear in grade counts or label maps.
+_RC_AREA_KEYS = (
+    "rc_inclusion",
+    "rc_curriculum_teaching",
+    "rc_achievement",
+    "rc_attendance_behaviour",
+    "rc_personal_development",
+    "rc_leadership_governance",
+    "rc_early_years",
+    "rc_sixth_form",
+)
+
+
+def report_card_labels(ofsted: dict) -> dict:
+    """{area_key: {code, label}} for populated, known-valued rc_* areas."""
+    out = {}
+    for key in _RC_AREA_KEYS:
+        code = ofsted.get(key)
+        label = REPORT_CARD_GRADE_NAMES.get(code)
+        if code is not None and label is not None:
+            out[key] = {"code": code, "label": label}
+    return out
+
+
+def ofsted_page_url(urn: int) -> str:
+    """The school's page on ofsted.gov.uk (all its reports live there —
+    we never deep-link an individual report)."""
+    return f"https://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/provider/21/{urn}"